Islam Guidance

After hatching the conspiracy and achieving ultimate martyrdom of Imam Hassan (A.S), Muawiya started campaigning openly for the succession of his son Yazid to the office of Caliphate. Until that time he had always planned in secret about this intention. To materialize his plans, he started his campaign among his most trusted people in Syria where he had established his headquarters. Later on, his missionaries took the message to other parts of the Islamic world and with the help of lot of money and bribery he got support for the caliphate of Yazid from a number of important Islamic cities.
After his death in Shabaan of the 60th Hijrah, Yazid sat on his throne and started the campaign of getting Baiyat of all Muslims so that they would accept him as the Caliph. The materialistic personalities of that time came forward and accepted his caliphate. Among them were mostly the people who were known for their enmity towards the Ahlul-Bayt (A.S) of our Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H&H.P). The other group was of the people who were either coerced by force or treachery or their loyalties were bought through material offers.
When the campaign crossed the borders of Syria, instructions were sent to the Governor of Medina – Walid ibn-e-Aqba ibn-e-Abu Sufyan – as well to get the baiyat of Imam Hussein (A.S). According to some historians, Yazid also mentioned that if Imam Hussein (A.S) declines his baiyat then Walid should kill him and send his head to Syria. Walid invited the Imam (A.S) to his court and gave him the orders of Yazid and demanded his baiyat. Imam (A.S) replied “A person like me would never accept the baiyat of a person like Yazid”. In this statement, Imam (A.S) gave a clear guideline for all the future time to come.
One of the advisors of Walid named Marwan bin Hakm incited Walid on getting Imam (A.S) killed right there but Imam (A.S) was joined by a few of his followers from Bani Hashim under the leadership of Hazrat Abbas (A.S) and returned safely from the court.
Within a few days time, the political developments made it very clear that Yazid is going all out to either obtain the baiyat of Imam Hussein (A.S) or to get him killed. Imam (A.S) had the sanctity of Medina as well as the salvation of the religion of Islam in his mind, therefore, he decided to leave Medina and go towards Iraq. He asked for the preparation of a Caravan of his selected family members and his trusted friends and set off for this long journey on the 28th of Rajab.
When Imam (A.S) had made his decision to leave Madina, he went to the grave of his brother Imam Hassan (A.S) with a very heavy heart. There he stayed for some time talking to his brother saying "O brother now your killers are after my blood. It looks like time for my martyrdom is near and I am leaving you now.". I imagine that Imam Hassan (A.S) would have replied from his grave – O my brother I bid you farewell and give you my son Qasim to become your sacrifice in Karbala.
After that Imam (A.S) went to the grave of his grandfather, the Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H&H.P). He stayed there for a long time and wept a lot until he went to sleep. He saw the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) in his dream and said to him "O my grandfather, my salutations to you. The land of Medina has become small for me. Tyrants among your ummah are after my blood and I am leaving Medina with a heavy heart".
Finally Imam Hussein (A.S) came to the grave of his mother Hazrat Fatima Zahra (S.A). Historians write that Imam (A.S) ran towards her grave just like a child runs toward his mother and he fell on her grave just like a child falls in the lap of the mother. Imam (A.S) said "O my mother accept my last salam. I am leaving the land of Medina and would not come back. The prophecy of my grandfather is about to come true". I imagine that Hazrat Zahra (S.A) would have said from her grave "O my beloved son, O the one whom I have raised by keeping awake in the night, I would not let you go alone. From this day I would not rest in my grave but I would accompany you throughout your journey."
Historians write that throughout the journey various people reported to Imam (A.S) that when everyone goes asleep during the night, we hear feminine voices of weeping and Bibi’s voice crying "Ya Hussein, Ya Hussein". Imam (A.S) told them "O my trusted companions this is my mother Zahra (S.A) who is with me ever since I have left Medina".

Derived from: Imam Reza.Network

The Muslims of Medina were of mainly of two groups: the Ansar (the ‘helpers’ natives of Medina) and the Muhajirin (the immigrants mostly the Qurayshi who migrated from Mecca). The Ansar themselves consisted of two tribes: the Aws and Khazraj who were enemies of each other in pre-Islamic days.
After the Prophet's death and even before his burial, the Ansar gathered in Saqifah and proposed to declare Sa‘d bin Ubadah (an Ansari from the tribe of Khazraj) as the new leader of the Muslims. Some among them started a discussion about how should they respond if the Qurayshi disputed with them in the issue of leadership.
While this discussion was going on among the Ansar in Saqifah, Umar ibn Khattab (a Qurayshi Muhajir) was informed about it. He sent for Abu Bakr who left the Prophet's body and joined Umar. In Saqifah, Abu Bakr gave a speech in which he exhorted the virtues of the Muhajirin and proposed that the leader should be from the Muhajirin. He ended his speech as follows: “So we are the rulers, and you are the ministers and the counselors. We will not do anything without consulting you.”
Habab ibn Mundhir, an Ansari, stood up and said, “O Ansar, beware! Take the reins of government in your hands; for the people [i.e., Muhajirin] are under your protection, no one can quarrel with you. Do not fall out between yourselves, so that what you do is ruined.”
Umar, a Muhajir, responded: “That can never be! The Arabs would never submit to your rule; they will not yield, for the Prophet was not from you.” Then very heated words were exchanged between Habab and Umar.
In the middle of all this chaos, Umar swore allegiance to Abu-Bakr. Then Bashir ibn Saad, leader of the Aws tribe of Ansar, swore allegiance to Abu-Bakr. Seeing this, the other Ansaris of the tribe of Khazraj also pledged allegiance so as not to lose favor in the eyes of Abu-Bakr against their rival Aws!
This is the basis of Abu-Bakr's caliphate.

Ref: Alhassanain.com

Imam Sadiq (A.S) was just martyred; however, due to the political situation at the time and fear over the life of the next Imam, he had introduced the Imam after him implicitly and indirectly. Therefore, there became a dispute among the Shiites over his successor.
Meanwhile, a group of Shiites from Neishabour had collected their Khums money to hand it over to their Imam. They chose a person named Muhammad ibn Ali Neishabouri to take their Khums to Medina. The total amount of Khums collected was about thirty thousand gold coins, fifty thousand silver coins, and some cloth. A woman named Shatitah Neishabouri took a single silver coin along with a piece of silk cloth which she had weaved herself and was worth only four silver coins to the representative and said to him, ”Verily Allah (S.W.T) is not ashamed of (fulfilling and explaining) the truth”.
Besides these properties, the people of Neishabour submitted about seventy pieces of paper to Muhammad ibn Ali. At the top part of each paper, a religious question was written and the bottom of the pages was left blank for the answer. They folded the papers in couple, sealed them, and said to Muhammad ibn Ali: “Give the papers to the Imam at night and get the answers back the next morning. If you find the packages sealed, open up five of them. If you realize that the Imam has answered the questions without opening the papers and removing the seals, you will not need to open the rest. You should know that that person is definitely the Imam, so you may leave the properties with him; if not, and then return our properties to us”.
Muhammad ibn Ali left for Medina, and when he got there, he went to the house of Abdullah Aftah, the son of Imam Sadiq (A.S). There, he tested Abdullah to see if he was the Imam. However, he came out confused and said with himself, “O Allah! Guide me to my Imam”. As he was wondering, a person approached him and said,” Let us go to the one you are looking for”. That person took Muhammad to the house of Imam Kadhim (A.S). When the Imam (A.S) saw Muhammad, he said to him,” Why did you lose hope? Come to me as I am the guardian and proof of Allah (S.W.T); I already answered all the questions you have brought yesterday; please bring those questions, the silver coin of Shatitah which is in that pouch, and her piece of cloth which is in the other pouch”.
Muhammad became extremely surprised and astonished by Imam’s (A.S) saying, and did what the Imam (A.S) had ordered. Imam Kadhim (A.S) took the silver coin and the cloth of Shatitah, and then said to Muhammad ibn Ali:
“Verily Allah (S.W.T) is not ashamed of (fulfilling and explaining) the truth. O Aba Ja’far (Aba Ja’far is the nickname of Muhammad ibn Ali Neyshaburi)! Convey my greetings to Shatitah and give her this pouch of money (which contains forty silver coins). I also offer him a piece of my shroud, made from the cotton of Sayda (Sayda is the name of a village), the village of Lady Fatimah (S.A), and sewed by my sister Halima, the daughter of Imam Sadiq (A.S). Tell Shatitah that she would be alive for nineteen days from the time you will reach Neishabour. So ask her to spend sixteen coins for herself and save the twenty four remaining ones for her debts and charity money. I shall pray on her (dead body) myself. As for the rest of the properties you have brought, give them back to their owners. Also, open these papers and see if I had already answered the questions before you entered”.
Muhammad ibn Ali narrates that,” The packages were sealed and untouched; I opened some of the letters; Imam Kadhim (A.S) had answered all the questions in his own handwriting...”
When Muhammad ibn Ali returned to Neyshabur, he realized that all the people whose properties he was carrying had turned into the Fat’hi faith; however, only Shatitah had remained loyal to the Imamate of Imam Kadhim (A.S); he conveyed the greetings of the Imam (A.S) to Shatitah, handed in the money and the cloth to her, and explained the advices of Imam (A.S) to her.
Shatitah was alive for the same nineteen days as Imam Kadhim (A.S) had mentioned. When she passed away, Imam Kadhim (A.S) arrived at her body riding a camel. When he finished preparations and the prayer on Shatitah, he got on his camel, turned towards the desert, and said to Muhammad ibn Ali,” Convey my greetings to my friends, and tell them that it is obligatory on me and all the other Imams to be present at your burial, wherever it might me. So (in order to benefit from this blessing) always have fears of Allah (S.W.T) (deep) inside your heart”.

Taken from: Roshd Islamic Shia Website

Muhammad (P.B.U.H&H.P) and Medina Are Mentioned in The Bible

In Irshad and Kamil of Ibne Aseer it is narrated, that Umro bin Hurays sent his retainer to fetch water. The retainer returned with a jar of water along with a napkin and a cup, and gave the water to Muslim to drink. (Kamil) When Muslim took the cup to drink water, it became full with his blood thus he could not partake it. Thrice the cup was filled with water, and when water was filled for the third time, his front teeth fell in it. Muslim said, "Praise be to Allah! If this water would had been destined for me, I could have drank it."
Muslim was then taken to the presence of Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad and he did not greet him. A guard told him, "Why do you not greet the commander"? Muslim replied, "Why should I greet him when he desires to kill me, and if he does not desire my death, then I have abundant greetings for him." Ubayd-Allah said, "By my life! You shall surely die." Muslim said, "So be it"? To which Ubayd-Allah answered in the affirmative. Then Muslim said, "If this is the case then give me respite so that I may will to someone among my kinsmen", to which Ubayd-Allah agreed. Muslim turned towards Umar bin Sa'ad and said, "There exists kinship between us, I desire that I may relate to you something in confidence." Umar refused to yield, to which Ubayd-Allah said, "Do not refuse to fulfil the desire of your cousin". Hearing this Umar stood up (Irshad) and sat with Muslim at a place where Ubayd-Allah could see them. (Kamil)
Muslim said, "I have become indebted in Kufa for a sum of seven hundred dirhams, so please pay it off by selling the property of mine which is in Medina." (Kamil) "And take my corpse after my death from Ubayd-Allah and bury it. Besides send someone to Imam Hussain (A.S) who would return him back." Umar went to Ubayd-Allah and revealed whatever Muslim had told him. Ubayd-Allah said, "A trustworthy man does not commit treachery, but sometimes a traitor fulfils a trust. As regards his (Muslim's) wealth, do whatever you desire to do with it. And as for Husain, if he does intend towards us, we will not intend towards him. But if he challenges us, we shall not refrain ourselves from (harming) him. Regarding his corpse, we shall certainly not accept your intervention in that matter." While others quote him saying that, "As regards his corpse, after we have killed him it is not our concern, you may do what you desire with it." Then he turned towards Muslim and said, "O son of Aqeel! The people were unified and in accordance with one another, but you came and divided them and created discord." Muslim replied, "It is not so, but the people of this town are of the opinion that your father (Ziyad) killed many of their virtuous men. He shed their blood and followed the footsteps of the Chosroes (the rulers of ancient Persia) and Caesars (the rulers of ancient Rome). We have come to enjoin justice and invite towards the Holy Book and Traditions (of the Prophet)." Ubayd-Allah said, "O transgressor! What relation you hold with these? And why did you not do that among the people, while you were busy drinking wine (Allah's refuge) in Medina"? Muslim replied, "Did I drink wine? By Allah! He knows that you are not speaking the truth, nor am I similar to what you have ascribed to me. While drinking wine is a practice of those (referring to Ubayd-Allah and his father Ziyad) who in rage and enmity spill the blood of the Muslims, and who rejoices and delights as if he has never ever committed any indecency (referred to Yazid)." Ubayd-Allah was infuriated and said, "May Allah kill me if I do not kill you in a manner as no one else has ever been killed in Islam." Muslim replied, "It is befitting you that you introduce such innovations in Islam which have never taken place. You are an evil murderer, wicked chastiser, ill natured, and a degraded person than all those who preceded you." Then Ubayd-Allah started abusing him, Imam Husain (A.S), Imam Ali (A.S) and Hazrat Aqeel (A.S) while Muslim did not speak to him.

Martyrdom of Muslim bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib (A.S)
Mas'oodi says that when their speech concluded and Muslim spoke harshly to Ubayd-Allah, he ordered that Muslim should be taken to the roof of the palace and it was said to Bukayr bin Humran Ahmari to behead him and take his revenge.
Jazari says that Muslim (A.S) told Mohammad bin Ash'as, "By Allah! I would never have surrendered if you had not given me the promise of protection. Then defend me with your sword for your promise has been broken." Then they took him on top of the palace when he was asking forgiveness from Allah and praising and glorifying Him. Then they took him to the place overlooking the shoe-makers and severed his blessed head which fell down. (May Allah's Mercy and Blessings be upon him). His murderer was Bukayr bin Humran, whom Muslim had previously wounded.
Then his body too was thrown down. When Bukayr came down, Ubayd-Allah asked him, "What was Muslim uttering when you took him to the roof"? He relied that, "Muslim was glorifying Allah and seeking His forgiveness. When I intended to kill him, I told him to come near and then I said: Praise be to Allah who has given me an upper hand over you and thus I have taken the revenge from you. Then I struck a blow, which went waste. Then Muslim said: O slave! Haven't you taken your revenge by inflicting this wound upon me"? Ubayd-Allah said, "Such dignity even at the verge of death"? Bukayr said, "Then I struck him a second blow and killed him."
Tabari says that Muslim was taken on the roof of the palace and his neck was severed and body thrown down to the people. An order was issued that his corpse be taken to that place where garbage is thrown and to be hanged there.

Derived from: Nafsul Mahmoom
By: Sheikh Abbas Qummi

New Mecca and Masjid al Haram Project - 2020

The time goes back to when Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H&H.P) was leader of the Muslim society in Medina. He (P.B.U.H&H.P) is preparing to participate in the collective prayers, when a Jewish man approaches the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) in an alley and claims that the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) owes him. The Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) replies: "Firstly, I do not owe you, and you claim for no reason. Secondly, I do not have money with me at this time, allow me to leave." The man does not allow the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) to take another step. The gentle behavior of the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) only causes the man to act harsher. The Jewish man grapples the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P), ties the Prophet's cloak around his neck, and pulls hard on the cloak. Muslims, now wondering why the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) has delayed in his arrival for prayer, search for the Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P), only to find him in the dilemma with a Jewish person demanding money. They want to behave harshly but the Prophet of Allah (P.B.U.H&H.P) says: "Leave him alone. I know how I should behave with my friend." The Prophet’s behavior to the Jewish man was so compassionate that the Jewish man utters "I bear witness that there no God except Allah and you are the Messenger of Allah". Now a Muslim, the man then adds, "when you endured me with such a power, I realized that this is not the endurance of a normal man; this is a prophetic endurance…"

Ref: Imam Reza.Network

Hazrat Ruqayyah (S.A) was a vivacious child, full of love and happiness. Everyone loved Ruqayyah (S.A). She was also a very religious girl. From the age of two she took great care to make sure that her head and face were properly covered as per the Islamic dress of code Hijab when in public.
Ruqayyah (S.A) was Imam Hussein's (A.S) most beloved child. Our Third Imam (A.S) used to pray for a daughter in his night Prayer (Namaz E Shab) and the birth of Ruqayyah (S.A) was a result of those night prayers. Imam Hussein (A.S) was often heard to say, "A house without Sakina would not be worth living in!" She always had a sweet and cheerful smile and a very friendly nature. Other children sought her company as much as the grown-ups did. She was very generous and always shared whatever she had with others.
There was a special bond between Hazrat Abbas (A.S) and Ruqayyah (S.A). Hazrat Abbas (A.S) loved her more than he did his own children. If Ruqayyah (S.A) requested for anything, Hazrat Abbas (A.S) would not rest until he satisfied her request. There was nothing that Hazrat Abbas (A.S) would not do to make Ruqayyah (S.A) happy.
During the journey from Medina to Makkah and then Makkah to Karbala, Hazrat Abbas (A.S) was often seen riding up to the Mehmil (A decorated framework on a Camel) in which Ruqayyah (S.A) sat to make sure that she had everything she wanted. Ruqayyah (S.A) loved her uncle just as much. While in Medina she would visit, several times a day, the house in which Hazrat Abbas (A.S) lived with his family and his mother, Hazrat Ummul Baneen (S.A).
Like any other four-five year old when Ruqayyah (S.A) went to bed at night, she wanted to spend some time with her father. Imam Hussein (A.S) would tell her stories of the Prophets (A.S) and of the battles fought by her grand-father Imam Ali (A.S). She would rest her head on her father's chest and Imam Hussein (A.S) would not move from her until she fell asleep. When from the second of Muharram the armies of Yazid began to gather at Karbala, Imam Hussein (A.S) said to his sister Hazrat Zainab (S.A), "The time has come for you to get Sakina used to going to sleep without me being there." Ruqayyah (S.A) would follow her father at night and Imam Hussein (A.S) had to gently take her to aunt, Hazrat Zainab (S.A) or Hazrat Rubab (S.A) - her mother.
At Karbala from the seventh Muharram, access to water was blocked by the army of Yazid and water became scarce. Ruqayyah (S.A) shared whatever little water she had with other children. When soon there was no water at all, the thirsty children would look at Ruqayyah (S.A) hopefully, and because she could not help them she would have tears in her eyes. Ruqayyah’s (S.A) lips were parched with thirst.
On the day of Ashura - the 10th of Muharram, Ruqayyah (S.A) gave her Mashk (water carrier) to Hazrat Abbas (A.S) to get some water for her and the children. When Hazrat Abbas (A.S) went to fetch water, the children gathered round Ruqayyah (S.A) with their little cups, knowing that as soon as Hazrat Abbas (A.S) brought any water, Ruqayyah (S.A) would first make sure that they had some before taking any herself. When Ruqayyah (S.A) saw Imam Hussein (A.S) bringing the blood drenched Alam (Flag) she knew that her uncle Hazrat Abbas (A.S) had been martyred. From that day on Ruqayyah (S.A) never complained of thirst. Ruqayyah (S.A) never again asked anyone for water. Hazrat Zainab (S.A) would persuade her to take a few sips, but she herself would never ask for water or complain of thirst.
Then came the time when the earth shook and Ruqayyah (S.A) became an orphan! But even then she always thought of the others first. She would console her mother, Hazrat Rubab (S.A) on the death of her six month old brother, Ali Asghar (A.S) and when she saw any other lady or child weeping Ruqayyah (S.A) would put her little arms around her.
From the time when Imam Hussein (A.S) was martyred in the battle field, Ruqayyah (S.A) forgot to smile! Kufa saw her as a little girl lost in thought. Quite often she would sit up at night. When asked if she wanted anything, she would say, "I just heard a baby cry? Is it Asghar? He must be calling out for me!"
Knowing that her weeping upset her mother, Ruqayyah (S.A) would cry silently and quickly wipe away her tears! In the prison in Damascus she would stare at the flock of birds flying to their nests at sunset and innocently ask Hazrat Zainab (S.A), "Will Sakina ever be going home like those birds flying to their homes?"

Source: islamicoccasions.com

وبهذا الاسناد عن أبي عبد الله جعفر بن محمد، قال: حدثنا محمد ابن حمران المدائني عن علي بن أسباط، عن الحسن بن بشير، عن أبي الجارود، عن أبي جعفر (عليه السلام)
ثم يدخل المسجد فينقض الحائط حتى يضعه إلى الأرض، ثم يخرج الأزرق وزريق غضين طريين، يكلمهما فيجيبانه، فيرتاب عند ذلك المبطلون، فيقولون: يكلم الموتى؟! فيقتل منهم خمسمائة مرتاب في جوف المسجد، ثم يحرقهما بالحطب الذي جمعاه ليحرقا به عليا وفاطمة والحسن والحسين (عليهم السلام)، وذلك الحطب عندنا نتوارثه، ويهدم قصر المدينة

.And with the same chain from Abi Abdillah Jafar bin Muhammad, from Muhammad bin Hamran al-Madaini, from Ali bin Isbaat, from al-Hassan bin Basheer, from Abi Jarood, from Abi Jafar al-Baqir (A.S):
(Part of a lengthy narration, quoting only the required portion here)
"Then He [al-Qaim (A.S)], will enter the Mosque (in Medina), then He will destroy the wall until it comes down to the ground. Then he will bring out al-Azraq and Zareeq (referring to Abu Bakr & Umar) while they are fresh. He [al-Qaim (A.S)] will speak to them and they will answer Him. Then the people of falsehood will doubt this and say, “He speaks with the dead!!!” Then He will kill 500 of those who doubted in the middle of the Mosque. Then He will burn those two with the firewood that was collected to burn (the house of) Ali, Fatima, Hassan & Hussein (A.S). And that firewood is with us, we inherited it and He will bring down the palace of Medina …"
[Source: Dalail al-Imamah by Muhammad bin Jareer al-Tabari, Pg. 455]

Derived from: Marefate AhleBait (A.S).com

While Imam Ali (A.S) was busy attending to the burial of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P), the Muhajireen of Mecca and the Ansar of Medina had lost no time in contesting the matter of the Caliphate. They had gathered at a place called Saqifa bani Sa'da and each group was putting forward its merits and claiming the Caliphate.
One can only wonder at their actions, because only two months ago the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) had openly declared that Imam Ali (A.S) would be his successor. In their greed, these so-called Muslims even forgot that their beloved Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) lay as yet unburied.
The Muhajireen claimed that they had a greater right to the Caliphate because they had been Muslims for longer and had supported the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.U&H.P) in Mecca when he had very few friends. They also claimed to be his kin and said that they had migrated from their homes in Mecca in very difficult circumstances, leaving behind all their wealth and property.
The Ansar insisted that they had a greater right to the Caliphate because they had given the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) shelter in Medina when he could live in Mecca no longer. They had also protected him in his time of need and had fought at his side in battles against powerful enemies. They recalled how for 13 years he had preached amongst the Meccans and only a handful had become Muslims. They argued that it was the Ansar who had given Islam strength and consolidation.
When Umar bin Khattab and Abu Bakr bin Qahafa reached Saqifa, the arguments had almost been settled in favor of the Ansar, who had chosen Sa'd bin Ubadah to lead the Muslims. Umar did not find this acceptable at all as he had already planned to bring in a man from the Muhajireen. He urged Abu Bakr to make a speech and turn the situation. Abu Bakr rose and said that the Arabs would not accept any Caliph who was not from the tribe of Quraish, which was the tribe of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P). He also praised the merits of the Ansar to keep them quiet. The Ansar were not fooled by the clever words of Abu Bakr and while there was some silence, Abu Bakr received help from an unexpected quarter.
The two main tribes of the Ansar were the Aws and Khazraj. The old enmity between them had been settled long ago by the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P), but now it came out into the open.
To stop the selection of Sa'd bin Ubadah who was the chief of the Khazraj, Bashir bin Sa'd from the tribe of Aws suddenly went forward and gave his allegiance to Abu Bakr. He was followed by three other men from Aws. Suddenly, the tables had turned and now the Muhajireen had the upper hand.
Despite protests from the tribe of Khazraj and a few followers of Imam Ali (A.S), Abu Bakr was elected as the first Caliph. How strange was their behavior! While Abu Bakr and Umar sold their religion for their greed, the people of Aws sold their religion for fear that the Khazraj might come to power. The rest of the people followed like sheep, too weak or uncaring to protest. The few who did raise their voices to defend the unrecognized rights of Imam Ali (A.S) were ignored and outnumbered.
The members of Bani Hashim and some loyal Muslims were too occupied with the passing away of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) to give any thought to worldly affairs. By the time they learnt of the happenings at Saqifa, it was too late to do anything.
When Imam Ali came to exercise his right to the Caliphate as per the orders of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) at Ghadeer Khum, his claim was rejected and he was forced to return to his house. Later, Abu Bakr sent Umar to Hazrat Fatimah's (S.A) house, where Imam Ali (A.S) and some friends had gathered. Umar had instructions to bring Imam Ali (A.S) to Abu Bakr to pay the oath of allegiance to him. When Imam Ali (A.S) refused to do this, Umar threatened to burn down the house. Imam Ali (A.S) then came out with Abbas and Zubayr. From the open door was heard the sound of Hazrat Fatimah (S.A) weeping.
She was saying:
"O Father, how soon after your death are troubles pouring on our head at the hands of the son of Khattab and the son of Abu Qahafa. How soon they have ignored your words of Ghadeer Khum and your saying that Ali was to you as Haroon was to Musa."
Hearing these heartrending words, the companions of Umar could not keep themselves from weeping and turned back.
However Umar was bent on humiliating Imam Ali (A.S). He insisted that Imam Ali (A.S) be led to the mosque tied with a rope so that he could not escape.
The Muslims now saw an amazing sight. The Lion of Allah, the man who was the champion of Badr, Uhud, Khandaq, Khayber and Hunayn, was being led by the cowardly Umar, who had run away from the battle of Uhud when the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) was injured.
It was a measure of the patience of Imam Ali (A.S) that he did not use force in the interests of Islam. He knew that nothing could be gained by fighting, and a civil war would destroy the Muslims.
When Imam Ali (A.S) was brought in front of Abu Bakr, Umar insisted that if he did not give the oath of allegiance, he should be killed. Imam Ali (A.S) replied:
"Will you kill a man who is a servant of the Lord and a brother of the Apostle of the Lord?"
Umar then turned to Abu Bakr who had remained silent till then, asking him to decide Imam Ali's (A.S) fate. However, Abu Bakr said that so long as Hazrat Fatimah (S.A) was alive, he would not force her husband to give allegiance to him.
After that Imam Ali (A.S) was released and he went directly to the grave of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H&H.P) where he stood, reflecting on how the attitude of the people had changed now that his brother had left this world.

Taken from: Imam Reza.Network

In the year 201 A.H., lady Fatimah Masuma (S.A) accompanied by her brothers and other elders from the Ahlul Bayt (A.S) left Medina for Marv (Khorasan) to meet Imam Ridha (A.S). On their way they were welcomed and greeted by the people of the different cities and villages.
Lady Masuma (S.A) like her noble aunt lady Zainab (S.A) delivered the message of innocence of her brother Imam Ridha (A.S) and revealed the evil intentions of the Abbasid caliph to the public. When the caravan reached Saveh a group of armed men who were deputed by Mamun, the Abbasid caliph savagely attacked them and all the brothers of lady Masuma (S.A) were martyred and according to some historical reports she was poisoned and became severely ill.
Due to her ill health she was unable to continue her journey towards Khorasan and decided to go towards Qom which is near Saveh. Lady Masuma (S.A) narrated while going towards Qom that her father, Imam Musa al-Kadhim (A.S) has said that city of Qom is the center of the Shi'ites.
The inhabitants of Qom who were Shi'ites became very happy that lady Masuma (S.A) is visiting their city and they gave warm welcome to her. Musa bin Khazraj Ash'ari, the doyen of Ashari family in Qom took the rein of the she-camel litter in his hand in which lady Masuma (S.A) was travelling and large number of people gathered around the she-camel litter. Lady Masuma (S.A) entered the city of Qom on 23rd Rabi al-Awwal, in the year 201 A.H.
She then resided in the house of Musa bin Khazraj in the locality which is now called as "Maidan Mir".
She remained alive only for 17 days because she was poisoned in Saveh. But even in this condition she spent most of her time in praying and supplicating to Allah (S.W.T).
She (S.A) passed away on 10th Rabi al-Thani, in the year 201 A.H. and she could not meet her elder brother before death. The Shi'ites in Qom greatly mourned her death and she was buried in a place which at that time was located outside the city. When the grave was ready there arose a difference that who should keep the body of lady Masuma (S.A) in the grave. It is reported that suddenly two men whose face were covered and riding the horses came to that place and performed the prayers for the dead person and then one of them went in the grave and the other person gave the body of lady Masuma (S.A) to that standing person in the grave who laid her to rest in the grave.
After the burial ceremony was over both those persons without talking to anybody sat on their horse and went away.
It is said that those two holy personalities who performed the burial ceremony for lady Masuma (S.A) were Imam Ridha (A.S) and Imam Muhammad Taqi al-Jawad (A.S). According to sacred rules the burial ceremony of an infallible has to be performed by another infallible person for example the burial ceremony of lady Fatima Zahra (S.A) was performed by the commander of the faithful, Imam Ali (A.S).
After the burial of lady Masuma (S.A), Musa bin Khazraj built a shed over the grave made out of mat. In the year 256 A.H., Lady Zainab (S.A), the daughter of Imam Muhammad Taqi al-Jawad (A.S) constructed a dome over the grave of her aunt Lady Masuma (A.S).
Since the burial of that divine lady of Islam in Qom, the holy grave of her have become a center of pilgrimage for the lovers of the Holy Ahlul Bayt (A.S)

Taken from: Almujtaba Islamic Network